AI analysis of the North Korea-Russia border region reveals reconstruction of railway stations and warehouse buildings. This aligns with recent increases in cooperation between the two countries, suggesting an effort to expand infrastructure to support growing trade. The construction of large warehouses raises the possibility of their use for concealing military cargo. Furthermore, the recent construction of a vehicle bridge over the Tumen River may indicate the development of associated facilities like customs and checkpoints.

Further analysis suggests a shift in the usage of the Tumengang railway line. While reportedly used for exporting artillery shells to Russia starting in 2022, recent railcar activity comparisons indicate it’s now primarily transporting Russian coal to Rajin port and importing refined oil. Arms exports, including artillery shells, appear to have transitioned to container shipments from Rajin port.